Abstract: Objective To investigate the current situation of overweight and obesity among primary and middle school students in Hohhot, and to provide a reference for the intervention measures of overweight and obesity in children in Hohhot. Methods In March 2024,18 377 primary and middle school students in urban and suburban counties of Hohhot were sampled, and the height and weight were measured. Overweight and obesity were judged according to body quality index (BMI), and the prevalence of overweight and obesity among primary and middle school students in this region was statistically analyzed. Results The total detection rate of overweight in Hohhot was 16.17%, and the detection rate of overweight in boys and girls was 18.22% and 14.13% respectively; the total detection rate of obesity was 20.54%,the detection rate of obesity in boys and girls was 25.64% and 15.47% respectively.The detection rate of overweight in urban and suburban counties was 16.42% and 15.92% respectively, and the detection rate of obesity in urban and suburban counties was 20.39% and 20.68% respectively. The obesity rate of Han nationality was 20.06% and that of Mongolian nationality was 22.91%. Overweight and obesity among primary and middle school students were statistically significant with academic section, gender and ethnic group (P<0.001), but not regional. The rate of overweight in all urban boys was higher than that in girls, and the difference was significant (P<0.001);The overweight rate of boys in primary schools in suburban counties was higher than that of girls, and the difference was significant (P<0.001), and the detection rate of overweight between boys and girls in middle and high schools was not significant (P>0.05).In urban areas, the obesity rate of boys was higher than girls, and the difference was statistical significant (P<0.001); in suburban counties, boys were higher than girls, and the difference was statistical significant (P<0.001). From the ethnic group, the overweight detection rate of Han and Mongolian boys was higher than that of girls, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001);the obesityrate of Han, Mongolian and other ethnic boys was higher than that of girls, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusion The problem of overweight and obesity among primary and middle school students in Hohhot is very serious. The problem of overweight and obesity among primary school students and boys is relatively prominent, which is a high risk factor for obesity prevention and control, so we should pay close attention to the above related key groups.

Key words: students, status survey, overweight, obesity, body mass index