Abstract: Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of bronchial artery chemoembolization (BACE) and systemic intravenous chemotherapy in patients with mid to late stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods A total of 64 patients with mid to late stage NSCLC from October 2017 to January 2023 who were admitted in Lingcheng District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in Dezhou city were selected. By random number table method, they were divided into the observation group (32 cases, BACE) and the control group (32 cases, systemic intravenous chemotherapy). The clinical efficacy, serum tumor markers, inflammatory factors, quality of life, safety, cost-effectiveness, and one-year survival rate in both groups were compared. Results In the Objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR), in comparison of the control group, the observation group were higher (P<0.05). After treatment, the carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) levels in both groups were decreased (P<0.05), and in comparison of the control group, the observation group was lower (P<0.05). After treatment, the tumor necrosis factors- α (TNF- α), C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels were decreased in both groups (P<0.05), and in comparison of the control group, the observation group was lower (P<0.05). After treatment, the Karnofsky functional status score (KPS) in both groups were increased (P<0.05), and in comparison of the control group, the observation group was higher (P<0.05). In the incidence of adverse reactions (bone marrow suppression, gastrointestinal reactions, anemia), in comparison of the control group, the observation group was lower (P<0.05). There were no serious complications such as pulmonary embolism in the observation group, and one case experienced bleeding. After internal medicine treatment, the bleeding stopped. In the one-year survival rate, in comparison of the control group 62.50% (20/32), the observation group 88.00% (22/25) was higher (P<0.05). The cost-effectiveness ratio of the observation group was better than that of the control group. Conclusion For patients with mid to late stage NSCLC, compared with systemic intravenous chemotherapy, BACE treatment can improve clinical efficacy, regulate serum tumor markers and inflammatory factor levels, improve quality of life, improve 1-year survival rate, and with high safety, achieve better cost-effectiveness.

Key words: mid to late stage non-small cell lung cancer, bronchial artery chemoembolization, systemic intravenous chemotherapy, serum tumor markers, inflammatory factors