Abstract: Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery and traditional open rectal cancer surgery. Methods A total of 50 patients with rectal cancer admitted to Chifeng City Hospital from January 2019 to January 2020 were selected as the research objects, and randomly divided into a control group and a research group, with 25 cases in each group. The control group was underwent traditional open radical surgery, while the research group was underwent laparoscopic radical surgery. The surgical indicators, such as pain degree, quality of life, gastrointestinal function and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results The surgical indicators in the research group, such as incision length, intraoperative blood loss, bowel sound recovery time, anal defecation time and hospitalization time, were significant lower than those in the control group （P<0.05）. The pain scores of the patients in the research group at 1 d, 3 d, and 5 d after operation were significant lower than those in the control group （P<0.05）. The scores of quality life for the patients in the research group were significant higher than those in the control group （P<0.05）. The improvement of gastric function indexes in the research group was significant better than that in the control group （P<0.05）. The incidence of adverse reactions in the research group was significant lower than that in the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion sThe curative effect of laparoscopic radical resection for rectal cancer patients is outstanding, which is helpful for the rapid recovery of gastrointestinal function, reduces adverse reactions, and improves the quality of life of patients. Collectively, the operation is safe and worthy of clinical application.

Key words: laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery, traditional open radical resection, rectal cancer, efficacy