Abstract: Objective To analyze the changes in the health status of children aged 0-6 years old in the Community Health Service Center of Tianyuan Road, Dongcheng District, Beijing from 2019 to 2023, and to provide evidence for further clarifying the focus of child health care work in the future. Methods A total of 3 551 cases of scattered children were collected from 2019 to 2023, including 2490 cases of local household registration and 1 061 cases of foreign household registration. The sex ratio between boys and girls is 1∶1.04; The average age was (3.17±0.05) years, ranging from 0 to 6 years. The longitudinal analysis of the 2019-2023 annual physical examination reports of 0-6 years old scattered children with household registration in the city, and the horizontal analysis of the annual health examination reports of 0-6 years old scattered children with household registration in the city and foreign residents. Results There was no significant change in the detection rates of low body weight, growth retardation and wasting among the scattered children aged 0 to 6 years old, and there was no significant difference between them and the children from other places (P>0.05). The obesity detection rate of scattered children with household registration in the city showed a significant increase trend, the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05), and compared with the same period, the obesity detection rate of 0-6 years old children with household registration in 2022 and 2023 was significantly higher than that of children with household registration in other places, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In recent 5 years, the prevalence of anemia and dental caries showed a downward trend, and the prevalence of dental caries was lower than that of 0-6 years old children in other places, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Obesity and dental caries have become the main health problems of scattered children aged 0-6 years in the area. Emphasis should be placed on improving diet habits and oral health care education and management on the basis of maintaining and improving malnutrition and anemia.

Key words: children, physical development, obesity, anemia, decayed tooth