Abstract: Objective To conduct a study on the visual health status of primary and secondary school students in Yiyuan County, to clarify the visual health problems of primary and secondary school students, and to preliminarily analyze the risk factors triggering visual health problems to provide data support for youth myopia prevention and control. Methods Between April and August 2021, the "Yiyuan County Comprehensive Myopia Prevention and Control Promotion Plan for Children and Adolescents" was developed based on the "Appropriate Technology Guidelines for Prevention and Control of Myopia in Children and Adolescents" (2019 version) issued by the General Office of the National Health Commission, and vision screening was conducted among school students in primary and secondary schools in Yiyuan County. Results A total of 47,496 people from 4 high schools (10,791), 18 middle schools (16,909), and 51 elementary schools (19,796) in Yiyuan County participated in this vision census, and a total of 43,434 (91.45%) people were included in the final analysis after invalid data were excluded. There were differences in vision health among different grades (χ²=10,597.452, P<0.001), and among adolescents of different genders(χ²=32.710, P<0.001). Conclusion Parents and schools should intervene jointly as early as possible when adolescents develop visual abnormalities to protect their visual health.

Key words: vision screening, primary and secondary school students, myopia prevention and control, poor visual acuity