Abstract: Objective This study focuses on the application of big data platform in optimizing the health decision support system for school students, and analyzes in depth its multi-dimensional impact on students' physical and mental health, aiming to provide scientific basis for improving the health level of college students, and accordingly proposing precise and effective improvement strategies and intervention measures. Methods The study adopted a diversified data collection method, combining health checkups, AI robot technology, UPI personality questionnaire and SCL-90 psychological scale to comprehensively assess students' physical and mental health. All collected data were centrally managed, stored and intelligently analyzed through a big data platform to ensure the accuracy of the data and the comprehensiveness of the analysis. Results The study found that the BMI index was unevenly distributed among the student population; in terms of mental health, the proportion of psychological problems was higher among female students. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity and paranoia were common psychological disturbances, especially the high prevalence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms, which highlights the urgency of psychological intervention. Conclusion The study reveals the dual challenges and gender differences in physical and mental health of freshmen in vocational colleges. It is recommended that schools make use of the big data platform to establish a comprehensive monitoring system, implement personalized health plans, and take into account both physical and mental health to promote students' all-round development.

Key words: data platform, higher education students, health status, influencing factors