Abstract: Objective To evaluate the effect of electronic bronchoscopic freezing and drug injection in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) complicated by bronchial tuberculosis (BT). Methods A total of 80 patients with PTB complicated with BT from May 2021 to August 2023 were included and grouped according to random number table method, namely: The control group (40 cases included and given conventional anti-tuberculosis treatment) and the observation group (40 cases included and given freezing and drug injection under electronic bronchoscopy) were evaluated for clinical response rate, immune function, inflammatory factors and time related to recovery. Results Compared with the control group, the clinical effective rate of the observation group was higher and the time related to rehabilitation was shorter, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Before treatment, there were no significant differences in immune function (CD8⁺, CD4⁺, CD3⁺) and inflammatory factors [procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6)] between groups (P>0.05). After 4 weeks of treatment, CD8⁺, PCT, CRP and IL-6 were lower in the observation group, and CD4⁺ and CD3⁺ were higher, with statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion Freezing and drug injection under electronic bronchoscope for patients with PTB complicated with BT can improve clinical efficiency, enhance immune function, relieve inflammation, shorten the course of disease, and have clinical reference significance.

Key words: electronic bronchoscopic freezing, inject medicine, tuberculosis, bronchial tuberculosis