Abstract: Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of posterior cervical decompression surgery on ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament in cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Methods A total of 96 patients with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of cervical spondylotic myelopathy who underwent treatment in Dali County Maternal and Child Health Center from April 2020 to October 2022 were selected as the research subjects. They were randomly divided into the study group (n=48, who underwent posterior cervical decompression surgery) and the control group (n=48, who underwent traditional posterior cervical single door laminoplasty) using a random number table method. The surgical parameters such as incision length, operation time, fluoroscopy time and bleeding volume were compared between the two groups, Compare the differences in JOA scores, Nurick grading, cervical curvature, and spinal canal occupancy between the two groups of patients before and 6 months after surgery, and calculate the differences in the incidence of various complications between the two groups of patients at 6 months after surgery; Results The incision length, surgical time, fluoroscopy time, and bleeding volume in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05); There was no statistically significant difference in JOA score, Nurick grade, cervical curvature, and spinal canal occupancy between the two groups of patients before surgery (P>0.05). At 6 months after surgery, the JOA score and cervical curvature of the study group were higher than those of the control group, while Nurick grade and spinal canal occupancy were lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (4.17% vs 14.58%) (P>0.05). Conclusion The implementation of posterior cervical cone plate decompression surgery for patients with ossification of the longitudinal ligament after cervical spondylotic myelopathy has a positive effect, which can effectively improve the curvature of the patient's cervical spine and the occupancy rate of the spinal canal. Compared with traditional posterior cervical single door laminoplasty, it has the advantages of less intraoperative trauma, faster postoperative recovery, and better manual safety.

Key words: posterior cervical spinal canal decompression surgery, cervical spondylotic myelopathy, ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament, cervical curvature, spinal canal occupancy rate