Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of short-term preoperative ureteral stent implantation on the outcome of retrograde nephrolithotomy. Methods 90 patients with retrograde renal calculi who underwent surgical treatment in Jinan Heavy Truck Hospital from August 2019 to May 2022 were divided into the study group (n=45, receiving short-term preoperative ureteral stent implantation) and the control group (n=45, receiving conventional surgical treatment) by random number table method combined with the patient's wishes. The difference of renal function indexes and inflammatory factors before and after operation, and the comparison of perioperative complications between the two groups. Results The operation time of patients in the study group was longer than that in the control group (P<0.05), the amount of intraoperative bleeding, the time to get out of bed after operation and the retention time of nephrostomy fistula in the study group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The clearance rate of the study group was slightly lower than that of the control group, and the clearance rate of multiple renal calculi was slightly higher than that of the control group, with no difference (P>0.05). The levels of serum cortisol (Cor), epinephrine (AD) and norepinephrine (NE) in the study group were lower than those in the control group on the 1st day after operation (P<0.05). At 1 and 7 days after operation, the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 in the study group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the study group was, ower than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The short-term preoperative ureteral stent implantation for patients with retrograde renal calculi can accelerate the recovery process of patients after surgery, improve the clearance rate of multiple stones, and reduce the incidence of various complications of patients during the perioperative period.

Key words: short-term preoperative ureteral stent implantation, renal calculus, retrograde intrarenal, surgical outcome, renal function, the incidence of complications