Abstract: Objective To explore the application values of multiple acoustic signs of musculoskeletal ultrasound in the diagnosis of primary frozen shoulder, to provide a reference for promoting the application of musculoskeletal ultrasound. Methods From February 2019 to July 2022, 110 patients with primary frozen shoulder who were diagnosed and treated in Qingyang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Gansu Province were selected as the frozen shoulder group, and 110 healthy people who participated in physical examination From February 2019 to July 2022 in Qingyang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Gansu Province were selected during the same period. as a healthy control group. All patients were underwent musculoskeletal ultrasonography, and acoustic signs were recorded. At the same time, patients were given arthroscopy, and were to determine the diagnostic value. Results The acoustic signs such as hydrocele, hypoechoic rotator cuff space, and joint capsule thickening in the frozen shoulder group which were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group (P<0.05). The thickness of supraspinatus tendon, infraspinatus tendon and myofascia in frozen shoulder group were significantly higher than those in healthy control group (P<0.05). The musculoskeletal ultrasound semi-quantitative score in the frozen shoulder group was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group (P<0.05). Among the 220 patients in the frozen shoulder group and the healthy control group, 114 cases were diagnosed as frozen shoulder by musculoskeletal ultrasound, and the sensitivity and specificity of multiple acoustic signs of musculoskeletal ultrasound in the diagnosis of primary frozen shoulder were 99.09% (109/110) and 95.45% (105/110), the Kappa value is 0.945. Conclusion Primary frozen shoulder is often accompanied by musculoskeletal ultrasound tendon hydrocele, hypoechoic rotator cuff space, joint capsule thickening and other acoustic signs, as well as abnormal synovial blood flow characteristics. Musculoskeletal ultrasonography has high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of primary frozen shoulder.

Key words: primary frozen shoulder, musculoskeletal ultrasound, acoustic signs, synovial blood flow characteristics, arthroscopy, diagnostic value