Abstract: Objective To investigate the correlation between the prognosis of bronchial asthma and the changes of vitamin D levels by two different nebulized glucocorticoid methods. Methods A total of 80 patients with bronchial asthma treated in the first people’s Hospital of Kashgar region from December 2017 to December 2020 were selected. The patients were divided into two groups according to the random number table method, with 40 patients in each group. The patients in the control group were given oral inhaled glucocorticoids, and the patients in the observation group were given inhaled glucocorticoids through a mask. The treatment effects of the two groups were compared, and the disappearance time of wheezing, wheezing and cough in the two groups were compared and analyzed, The expression levels of vitamin D, IL-4 (interleukin-4), IL-5 and IL-17 were compared among significantly effective patients, effective patients and ineffective patients before treatment, and the correlation between vitamin D level and the prognosis of bronchial asthma was analyzed. Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 95.00%, and that of the control group was 77.50%, which was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05); The disappearance time of wheezing, wheezing and cough in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group (P<0.05); There was no significant difference in sex, age and BMI among the significantly effective, effective and ineffective patients (P>0.05). There was significant difference in serum vitamin D₃, IL-4 , IL-5 and IL-17 among the significantly effective, effective and ineffective patients before treatment (P<0.05); Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum vitamin D₃ was negatively correlated with the degree of treatment control (P<0.05), and IL-4, IL-5, IL-17 were positively correlated with the degree of treatment control (P<0.05). Conclusion Inhaled glucocorticoids through a mask for patients with bronchial asthma can more effectively control the disease and shorten the duration of clinical symptoms. In addition, the serum vitamin D₃ level, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-17 of patients before treatment are significantly correlated with the degree of disease control. Therefore, it can be considered to increase the vitamin D level on the basis of routine inflammatory factors of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-17 to judge the prognosis of patients.

Key words: glucocorticoid, bronchial asthma, prognosis, vitamin D, aerosol inhalation