Abstract: Objective To investigate the actual effect of lumbar spine fractures treated with screw-rod system fixation through the posterior intermuscular space approach. Methods A retrospective study of 80 patients with lumbar fractures who received surgical treatment in the Fourth People's Hospital of Tianshui City, Gansu Province from May 2017 to May 2022 were selected, and then standardized grouping was performed, according to different surgical plans, they were divided into control group and observation group, with 40 cases in each group. Control group used anterior pedicle screw fixation treatment, observation group used spinal muscle space approach screw rod system fixation treatment. The effects of the two surgical options on surgical indicators, imaging indicators and functional scores were compared. Results Before treatment, there was no significant difference in the imaging indicators, pain degree and low back function score between the two groups (P>0.05). After the treatment measures, the intraoperative blood loss in the observation group was lower, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); the differences in operation time and hospitalization time between the two groups were small (P>0.05). After the treatment measures, the loss of vertebral body anterior height index, the posterior vertebral body height loss index and the Cobb angle index of the two groups of patients were all decreased, and the cross-sectional area of the spinal canal were all increased (P<0.05); however, there was no significant difference in the imaging indicators between the two groups after treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, the pain degree and low back function scores of the two groups were reduced, while the observation group were lower than control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion In the treatment of patients with lumbar spine fractures, the use of posterior spinal intermuscular approach screw-rod system fixation has a significant effect, can effectively relieve the pain of patients, and promote the recovery of patients.

Key words: lumbar vertebral fracture, posterior intermuscular approach screw-rod system fixation, surgical index, imaging index, functional score