Abstract: Objective To investigate the role of ultrasound diaphragm function assessment in predicting patient withdrawal during non-invasive mechanical ventilation treatment in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Method A retrospective analysis was conducted on 120 patients with ARDS who underwent non-invasive mechanical ventilation treatment in our hospital from March 2023 to March 2024. The patients underwent continuous treatment for 48 hours and were divided into a successful non-invasive mechanical ventilation group (80 cases) and a failed non-invasive mechanical ventilation group (40 cases) based on their weaning status. During the treatment of two groups of patients, diaphragm activity and diaphragm thickening score were measured and compared at 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 30 h, 36 h, 42 h, and 48 h respectively. And evaluate the predictive value of ultrasound diaphragm function assessment. And compare the respiratory rate, PaO₂/FiO₂, ICU hospitalization time, and total hospitalization time between the two groups. Result The difference in diaphragm activity and diaphragm thickening score between the two groups of patients during treatment was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was a significant difference in respiratory rate and PaO₂/FiO₂ between the two groups (P<0.05). The difference in ICU hospitalization time and total hospitalization time (P<0.05) is statistically significant. Based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the area under the ROC curve for predicting non-invasive mechanical ventilation effectiveness using diaphragmatic activity is 0.872, with a sensitivity rate of 80.5% for diaphragmatic activity>13.0 mm. The area under the ROC curve for predicting non-invasive mechanical ventilation effectiveness using diaphragmatic thickening score is 0.845, and the sensitivity rate for diaphragmatic thickening score>36.00% is 81.85%. Conclusion Conducting ultrasound diaphragmatic function assessment during non-invasive mechanical ventilation treatment for ARDS patients can predict the treatment effect to a certain extent, and provide guidance for the development and improvement of clinical ventilation treatment plans.

Key words: ultrasound assessment of diaphragm function, ARDS patients, the effect of non-invasive mechanical ventilation, predictive evaluation