Abstract: Objective To explore and analysis the diagnostic values of ultrasound combined with normal saline enema in children with intestinal wall thickening lesions. Methods From February 2019 to February 2022, 70 cases of children with intestinal wall thickening lesions who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital were selected as the research subjects. All children were given ultrasound combined with normal saline enema examination, and the imaging characteristics were recorded. With endoscopic pathology as the gold standard, intussusception and intestinal necrosis were mainly recorded. The children were divided into intussusception group (38 cases) and intestinal necrosis group (32 cases). The ultrasonic characteristics (intestinal wall gas accumulation, “rolling sign”, “grape cluster sign”, “crab foot sign”), pressure of normal saline enema reduction, and ultrasonic blood flow classification (grade I, grade II, grade III)were compared between intussusception and intestinal necrosis groups. Results In the 70 children, there were 38 cases of intussusception (intussusception group) and 32 cases of intestinal necrosis (intestinal necrosis group) were determined by endoscopy. All the children were showed thickening of the intestinal wall, and the intestinal wall gas, “rolling sign”, “grape bunch sign” and “crab foot sign” in the intussusception group accounted for 73.68%, 81.58%, 84.21%, 81.58%, which were significantly higher than 50.00%, 56.25%, 62.50%, 59.38% of the intestinal necrosis group, the difference is statistically significant (P<0.05). The normal saline enema reduction water pressure in the intestinal necrosis group was significantly lower than that in the intussusception group, the difference is statistically significant (P<0.05). In the intussusception group, there were 30 cases were grade I, 5 cases were grade II, and 3 cases were grade III; in the intestinal necrosis group, there were 12 cases, 10 cases, and 10 cases, respectively, and there were significant differences compared between the two groups, the difference is statistically significant (P<0.05). In the 70 children, there were 39 cases of intussusception and 31 cases of intestinal necrosis were judged by ultrasound combined with normal saline enema. Therefore, the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound combined with normal saline enema in the diagnosis of intestinal wall thickening lesions in children were respectively were 100% and 96.88%, the Kappa value of consistency test with endoscopic pathological examination was 0.971 (P<0.001). Conclusion Intussusception and intestinal necrosis are the main lesions of intestinal wall thickening in children. The ultrasound characteristics and blood flow characteristics of the two are different. At the same time, there are also differences in the water pressure of normal saline enema. The diagnosis of intestinal wall thickening lesions has high sensitivity and specificity, and the results are highly consistent with endoscopic pathological examination.

Key words: ultrasound, saline enema, children, intestinal wall thickening lesions, intussusception, intestinal necrosis