北京市东城区2019—2023年0~6岁散居儿童健康状况分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析2019—2023年北京市东城区体育馆路社区卫生服务中心所辖散居0~6岁儿童健康状况变化情况,为今后进一步明确儿童保健工作重点提供依据。方法收集北京市东城区体育馆路社区卫生服务中心所辖区域2019—2023年散居儿童健康体检年报3 551例,其中北京市户籍2 490例,外地户籍1 061例;男女童性别比1∶1.04;年龄0~6岁,平均年龄（3.17±0.05）岁。纵向分析2019—2023年本市户籍0~6岁散居儿童健康体检年报,横向分析北京市户籍与外地户籍0~6岁散居儿童健康体检年报。结果 5年间北京市东城区体育馆路社区卫生服务中心所辖区域北京市户籍0~6岁散居儿童低体质量、生长迟缓和消瘦检出率无明显变化,且与外地户籍儿童比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。北京市户籍散居儿童肥胖检出率整体呈显著升高趋势,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,且与同期相比较,2022年和2023年显著高于外地户籍0~6岁儿童肥胖检出率,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。近5年贫血患病率和龋齿患病率均呈整体下降趋势,同期比较低于外地0~6岁儿童龋齿患病率,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论肥胖、龋齿成为北京市东城区体育馆路社区卫生服务中心所辖区域0~6岁散居儿童健康状况的主要问题,应在继续保持和完善营养不良和贫血的基础上,重点加强改善饮食习惯和口腔卫生保健健康宣教和管理工作。

关键词: 儿童, 体格发育, 肥胖, 贫血, 龋齿

Abstract: Objective To analyze the changes in the health status of children aged 0-6 years old in the Community Health Service Center of Tianyuan Road, Dongcheng District, Beijing from 2019 to 2023, and to provide evidence for further clarifying the focus of child health care work in the future. Methods A total of 3 551 cases of scattered children were collected from 2019 to 2023, including 2490 cases of local household registration and 1 061 cases of foreign household registration. The sex ratio between boys and girls is 1∶1.04; The average age was (3.17±0.05) years, ranging from 0 to 6 years. The longitudinal analysis of the 2019-2023 annual physical examination reports of 0-6 years old scattered children with household registration in the city, and the horizontal analysis of the annual health examination reports of 0-6 years old scattered children with household registration in the city and foreign residents. Results There was no significant change in the detection rates of low body weight, growth retardation and wasting among the scattered children aged 0 to 6 years old, and there was no significant difference between them and the children from other places (P>0.05). The obesity detection rate of scattered children with household registration in the city showed a significant increase trend, the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05), and compared with the same period, the obesity detection rate of 0-6 years old children with household registration in 2022 and 2023 was significantly higher than that of children with household registration in other places, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In recent 5 years, the prevalence of anemia and dental caries showed a downward trend, and the prevalence of dental caries was lower than that of 0-6 years old children in other places, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Obesity and dental caries have become the main health problems of scattered children aged 0-6 years in the area. Emphasis should be placed on improving diet habits and oral health care education and management on the basis of maintaining and improving malnutrition and anemia.

Key words: children, physical development, obesity, anemia, decayed tooth

中图分类号:

叶伶艳, 陈伟鸿. 北京市东城区2019—2023年0~6岁散居儿童健康状况分析[J]. 中华养生保健, 2025, 43(1): 90-93.

YE Ling-yan, CHEN Wei-hong. Analysis of the Health Status of Scattered Children aged 0-6 years in Dongcheng District of Beijing from 2018 to 2023[J]. ZHONGHUA YANGSHENG BAOJIAN, 2025, 43(1): 90-93.

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