呼和浩特市中小学生超重和肥胖现况调查

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的对呼和浩特市中小学生超重和肥胖现况进行调查,为本市的儿童超重和肥胖干预措施提供参考。方法 2024年3月采取分层随机整群抽样抽取呼和浩特市市区和郊县中小学生18 377人,测量身高、体质量,根据身体质量指数（BMI）参考相关标准判断超重和肥胖,统计分析本地区中小学生超重肥胖的流行情况。结果呼和浩特市中小学生总的超重检出率为16.17%,其中男、女超重检出率分别为18.22%、14.13%;总肥胖检出率为20.54%,男、女生肥胖检出率分别为25.64%、15.47%。市区和郊县超重检出率分别为16.42%、15.92%;市区和郊县肥胖检出率分别为20.39%、20.68%。汉族肥胖率20.06%,蒙古族肥胖率22.91%。中小学生超重和肥胖与学段、性别、民族均有统计学意义（P<0.001）,而与区域无统计学意义。从区域看,市区各学段的男生超重率均高于女生,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.001）;郊县小学男生超重率高于女生,差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）,初中、高中男女超重检出率比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;市区各学段男生肥胖率高于女生,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.001）;郊县各学段男生肥胖率均高于女生,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.001）。从民族看,汉族、蒙古族的男生超重检出率均高于女生,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.001）;汉族、蒙古族、其他民族男生肥胖率均高于女生,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.001）。结论呼和浩特市的中小学生超重和肥胖问题十分严峻,小学学段男生超重和肥胖问题比较突出,是防控肥胖的高危因素,应密切关注以上相关重点人群。

关键词: 学生, 超重, 肥胖, 现况调查, 身体质量指数

Abstract: Objective To investigate the current situation of overweight and obesity among primary and middle school students in Hohhot, and to provide a reference for the intervention measures of overweight and obesity in children in Hohhot. Methods In March 2024,18 377 primary and middle school students in urban and suburban counties of Hohhot were sampled, and the height and weight were measured. Overweight and obesity were judged according to body quality index (BMI), and the prevalence of overweight and obesity among primary and middle school students in this region was statistically analyzed. Results The total detection rate of overweight in Hohhot was 16.17%, and the detection rate of overweight in boys and girls was 18.22% and 14.13% respectively; the total detection rate of obesity was 20.54%,the detection rate of obesity in boys and girls was 25.64% and 15.47% respectively.The detection rate of overweight in urban and suburban counties was 16.42% and 15.92% respectively, and the detection rate of obesity in urban and suburban counties was 20.39% and 20.68% respectively. The obesity rate of Han nationality was 20.06% and that of Mongolian nationality was 22.91%. Overweight and obesity among primary and middle school students were statistically significant with academic section, gender and ethnic group (P<0.001), but not regional. The rate of overweight in all urban boys was higher than that in girls, and the difference was significant (P<0.001);The overweight rate of boys in primary schools in suburban counties was higher than that of girls, and the difference was significant (P<0.001), and the detection rate of overweight between boys and girls in middle and high schools was not significant (P>0.05).In urban areas, the obesity rate of boys was higher than girls, and the difference was statistical significant (P<0.001); in suburban counties, boys were higher than girls, and the difference was statistical significant (P<0.001). From the ethnic group, the overweight detection rate of Han and Mongolian boys was higher than that of girls, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001);the obesityrate of Han, Mongolian and other ethnic boys was higher than that of girls, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusion The problem of overweight and obesity among primary and middle school students in Hohhot is very serious. The problem of overweight and obesity among primary school students and boys is relatively prominent, which is a high risk factor for obesity prevention and control, so we should pay close attention to the above related key groups.

Key words: students, status survey, overweight, obesity, body mass index

中图分类号:

R723.14

冯倩倩, 武书丽, 贾富华, 王成龙. 呼和浩特市中小学生超重和肥胖现况调查[J]. 中华养生保健, 2024, 42(23): 88-91.

FENG Qian-qian, WU Shu-li, JIA Fu-hua, WANG Cheng-long. Survey on Overweight and Obesity Among Primary and Middle School Students in Hohhot[J]. ZHONGHUA YANGSHENG BAOJIAN, 2024, 42(23): 88-91.

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