2020-2022年广州市荔湾区白鹤洞街道社区居民大肠癌初筛结果及其危险因素分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析2020—2022年广州市荔湾区白鹤洞街道常驻居民大肠癌初筛结果,探讨影响大肠癌阳性的危险因素,为临床防治大肠癌工作提供依据。方法选取2020—2022年广州市荔湾区白鹤洞街道参与大肠癌筛查的1 131名居民作为研究对象,采取调查问卷和大便潜血试验（FOBT）相结合的方式进行筛查,同时对危险因素进行相关性分析。结果 181例居民初筛结果为阳性,阳性率为16.01%,其中男性88例（48.6%）,女性93例（51.4%）;946例居民初筛结果为阴性,占比83.64%;4例无法判定,占比0.35%。初筛结果阳性组的患者有慢性便秘史、粘液血便史、慢性胆囊炎史、肠息肉史、慢性阑尾炎史和癌症病史的比例均高于初筛结果阴性组患者的比例,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。多因素分析结果发现：粘液血便史、肠息肉史、FOBT阳性是初筛结果阳性的危险因素（P<0.05）。结论广州市荔湾区白鹤洞街道45~74岁居民大肠癌初筛结果表明粘液血便史、肠息肉史、FOBT阳性是导致大肠癌的关键危险因素,提示有此类危险因素的人群应进行更频繁的筛查和进一步的检查,如肠镜检查等,以便早期诊断治疗和降低发病率。

关键词: 大肠癌, 粪便潜血试验, 调查问卷, 筛查, 危险因素

Abstract: Objective To analyze the results of colorectal cancer primary screening of permanent residents in Baihedong Street, Liwan District, Guangzhou City, 2020-2022, and to explore the risk factors affecting colorectal cancer positivity, so as to provide a basis for clinical prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer. Methods A total of 1,131 residents participating in colorectal cancer screening in Baihedong Street, Liwan District, Guangzhou City, China, from 2020 to 2022 were selected as the study subjects, and a combination of questionnaires and fecal occult blood tests (FOBTs) was used to conduct the screening as well as correlation analyses of risk factors. Results The initial screening results of 181 residents were positive, with a positive rate of 16.01%, of which 88 (48.6%) were male, 93 (51.4%) were female; 946 residents were negative, with a rate of 83.64%; and 4 cases could not be determined, with a rate of 0.35%.The proportion of patients with a history of chronic constipation, mucous blood stools, chronic cholecystitis, intestinal polyps, chronic appendicitis, and a history of cancer in the group with positive initial screening results was higher than the proportion of patients in the group with negative initial screening results, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The results of multifactorial analysis revealed that a history of mucous blood stools, a history of intestinal polyps, and a positive FOBT remained risk factors for a positive primary screening result (P<0.05). Conclusion Preliminary colorectal cancer screening results of residents aged 45-74 years in Baihedong Street, Liwan District, Guangzhou City, China, indicate that a history of mucous bloody stools, a history of intestinal polyps, and FOBT positivity are the key risk factors for colorectal cancer,It is suggested that people with such risk factors should undergo more frequent screening and further investigations such as colonoscopy for early diagnosis and treatment and to reduce morbidity.

Key words: colorectal cancer, fecal occult blood test, survey questionnaire, screening, risk factors

中图分类号:

余哲晓. 2020-2022年广州市荔湾区白鹤洞街道社区居民大肠癌初筛结果及其危险因素分析[J]. 中华养生保健, 2024, 42(19): 84-87.

YU Zhe-xiao. Analysis of Colorectal Cancer Primary Screening Results and Its Risk Factors among Community Residents in Baihedong Street, Liwan District, Guangzhou City, China, 2020-2022[J]. ZHONGHUA YANGSHENG BAOJIAN, 2024, 42(19): 84-87.

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