3~6岁儿童居家户外活动时间与呼吸道感染发生的相关性分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨3~6岁儿童居家户外活动时间与呼吸道感染发生的相关性。方法选取2022年5月—2023年5月东海县妇幼保健院收治的6 592例呼吸道感染患儿作为研究对象,另选取同期在东海县妇幼保健院体检的1 000名健康儿童作为对照组。调查所有儿童的户外活动时间与居家周边环境并进行比较分析,调查两组患儿在不同天气户外活动情况,应用logistic回归分析法分析居家户外活动时间、居住周边环境、不同天气活动情况与呼吸道感染发生的关系。结果两组儿童居家100 m内有噪声情况比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,两组儿童居家户外活动时间、居家100 m内臭水沟、居家100 m内垃圾站、居家与交通主干线距离情况对比,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;两组儿童高温天气户外活动、下雨天户外活动、其他极端天气户外活动情况比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;logistic回归分析结果表明,居家户外活动时间及居家与交通主干线距离、高温天气户外活动、其他极端天气户外活动为呼吸道感染发生的独立影响因素（P<0.05）。结论 3~6岁儿童居家户外活动时间与呼吸道感染发生具有明显关系,且如果在居家离臭水沟和交通主干线距离过近或高温天气、其他极端天气户外活动增加也会增加呼吸道感染发生率。

关键词: 3~6岁儿童, 户外活动, 呼吸大感染, 居家环境, 天气

Abstract: Objective To explore the correlation between outdoor activities at home and the incidence of respiratory infections in children aged 3~6 years old. Methods A total of 6592 children with respiratory tract infections admitted to our hospital from May 2022 to May 2023 were selected as the study subjects, and 1000 healthy children who came to our hospital for physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group. Investigate the outdoor activity time and living environment of all children, and conduct comparative analysis. Investigate the outdoor activity situation of two groups of children in different weather conditions, and use logistic regression analysis to analyze the relationship between outdoor activity time at home, living environment, different weather activities, and the occurrence of respiratory tract infections. Results There was no significant difference between the two groups of children in terms of noise levels within 100m of their homes (P>0.05). There were significant differences between the two groups of children in terms of outdoor activity time at home, odorous water ditches within 100 m of their homes, garbage stations within 100 m of their homes, and the distance between their homes and the main transportation line (P<0.05). There was a significant difference in the comparison of outdoor activities in hot weather, rainy weather, and other extreme weather between the two groups of children (P<0.05). The results of logistic regression analysis indicate that outdoor activities at home, as well as the distance between home and the main transportation line, outdoor activities in hot weather, and other extreme weather outdoor activities, are independent influencing factors for the occurrence of respiratory infections (P<0.05). Conclusion There is a significant relationship between the duration of outdoor activities at home and the incidence of respiratory infections in children aged 3~6 years old. Moreover, if the distance from home to odorous ditches and main transportation lines is too close, or if outdoor activities increase in hot weather or other extreme weather conditions, the incidence of respiratory infections will also increase.

Key words: children aged 3~6 years old, outdoor activities, respiratory major infection, home environment, weather

中图分类号:

R725.6

杨帆. 3~6岁儿童居家户外活动时间与呼吸道感染发生的相关性分析[J]. 中华养生保健, 2024, 42(10): 13-15.

YANG Fan. Analysis of the Correlation Between Outdoor Activities at Home and Respiratory Tract Infections in Children Aged 3~6 Years Old[J]. ZHONGHUA YANGSHENG BAOJIAN, 2024, 42(10): 13-15.

参考文献

[1] 季炜鹏,赵晓东,翟丽萍,等.小儿急性上呼吸道感染的流行病学特征及中药洗浴辅助疗效分析[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2022,17(10):1175-1179.
[2] 刘彩琴,何雪,秦福创,等.200例住院儿童呼吸道合胞病毒感染的分子流行病学特征[J].中华医院感染学杂志,2022,32(8):1224-1228.
[3] 刘宗泰,薛芳,葛胜旺,等.河北省儿童医院1927例儿童呼吸道感染病原谱流行病学分析[J].国际呼吸杂志,2021,41(6):428-433.
[4] 朱乔波,江余明,黄华飞,等.新生儿气管插管后呼吸道感染影响因素及与TLR4基因的关联[J].中华医院感染学杂志,2022,32(5):779-783.
[5] 钟晓英,王琪,郭秀静,等.儿童反复呼吸道感染影响因素的Meta分析[J].四川医学,2022,43(3):247-252.
[6] 施毅. 国内外呼吸道感染诊治指南差异对临床的指导意义[C].全国呼吸系统感染专题学术会议暨中日非典型肺炎学术研讨会,2014.
[7] 李昊威,史颖,卢冠男.儿童反复呼吸道感染与血清维生素A,E的相关性及危险因素[J].贵阳医学院学报,2021,46(1):91-94,104.
[8] 娜仁,司萍,张嘉懿,等.2015-2019年天津地区儿童肺炎支原体呼吸道感染的流行情况及与环境因素的关系[J].中国妇幼保健,2021,36(19):4496-4498.
[9] 韩梦如,曾山水,刘非,等.居住地平均气温与上呼吸道感染患儿SAA检测阳性率的相关性[J].热带医学杂志,2022,22(2):222-225.
[10] 谢晓东,马妮萨,刘鹏华.洛阳地区呼吸道感染儿童家长呼吸道感染相关知识掌握情况[J].华南预防医学,2022,48(8):1033-1036.
[11] 吴志强,杨岩岩,张东旭.气象因素与儿童呼吸系统疾病就诊量关系的单中心研究[J].临床肺科杂志,2022,27(9):1371-1376.
[12] 王娜,崔秀云,冉亮,等.重庆市气象因子对呼吸道疾病的影响及预测研究[J].气象与环境科学,2022,45(4):98-105.
[13] 范良勤,张鸿,田鹏,等.小儿反复呼吸道感染痰培养结果分析及影响因素列线图预测模型的构建[J].临床误诊误治,2022,35(9):80-85.
[14] 魏柯雯,马仲慧,龚成,等.2015-2019年北京市房山区哨点医院急性呼吸道感染疾病流行特征及影响因素分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2022,38(1):35-39,44.
[15] 张林,陈子颖,刘忠第,等.基于运气理论探索香港呼吸道传染病与气象因素的相关性[J].中医药学报,2021,49(7):1-6.
[16] 闫彩霞,王冬梅,王士磊.天津市河北区儿童支气管哮喘合并反复呼吸道感染流行病学特征及危险因素[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2021,32(6):123-125.
[17] 刘波,古贞.2016-2021年四川自贡地区急性上呼吸道感染与气象因素关联分析[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2022,33(4):37-40.
[18] 贺嘉,李梦琪,李雪宁,等.学龄前儿童反复呼吸道感染相关因素分析[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2022,30(3):330-334.
[19] 裴永坚,王晓飞,王佳佳,等.呼吸重症监护病房鲍曼不动杆菌下呼吸道感染的临床特征及影响因素初步分析[J].中国呼吸与危重监护杂志,2021,20(4):229-234.
[20] 李燕霞,符小玲,蒙漫史.反复呼吸道感染患儿家长对疾病防控知识的认知度及影响因素研究[J].实用预防医学,2021,28(9):1091-1093.